Description
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The study of urban domestic architecture is currently a creative and stimulating approach to the field of provincial Roman society, very linked to the study of cities, which has been ehnanced by the important contributions of Urban Archeology, allowing to renew knowledge concerning the universe of Roman provincial cities, far beyond the one which was traditionally revealed by the written texts of antiquity. This is the context of this work, which incorporates the results of our research. Our starting point was centered on the analysis and valuation of the Roman domestic architecture of Bracara Augusta, a provincial city that became known through the excavations of Braga over a period of more than four decades, which allowed to gradually reveal remains of public and private buildings, streets, porticoes and other infrastructures, whose organization allowed to define the foundational urban layout of the Roman city. Thus, the aim of this work was a necessary revision and systematization of the vast archaeological data of Braga, in order to compare it, in a first moment, with the data related to the other cities of peninsular NO with a role of convent capitals and, in a second, with the data available at the peninsular level to understand the specificity of the Roman elite houses of the cities of the last peninsular region to be integrated into the Roman administrative network. It was also intended to understand and reflect on how the domus of the peninsular NO show specific cultural peculiarities of that region and conveyed the import of the models of italic and Roman houses, considering its potential as a context for approaching daily life and urban sociabilities. Given these objectives we sought to value the Roman domus of an architectural and constructive point of view, which allows us to understand how the italic models were assimilated and how some regional constructive solutions were affirmed, very marked by the topography constraints, which imposed particular solutions of distribution and organization of living spaces. This approach give us the oportunity to observe the degree of social and cultural integration of the domus owners and showing the way in which they adapted the models and the language of the italic domestic architecture, at a time when the integration of these realities had already known a long way tested since the century II aC in the cities of the southern peninsular areas. In this sense, we have tried to analyze and discuss the social functions and the uses of the domestic spaces, taking advantage of the knowledge of the different peninsular urban contexts, as well as the new perspectives of anthropologic studies of the Roman house. (2019-04)
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